Laravel5.4 开发

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Laravel5.4的安装环境

mac 下开发环境配置查看：php -v，php -m

开发工具

  • Phpstorm
  • Sequel pro

通过Composer命令安装Laravel

创建项目命令如下：

ysqdeMacBook-Pro:laravel54jianshu ysq$ composer create-project laravel/laravel laravel54 "5.4.*"
Installing laravel/laravel (v5.4.30)
  - Installing laravel/laravel (v5.4.30): Loading from cache
Created project in laravel54
> php -r "file_exists('.env') || copy('.env.example', '.env');"
Loading composer repositories with package information
Updating dependencies (including require-dev)
Package operations: 64 installs, 0 updates, 0 removals
  - Installing kylekatarnls/update-helper (1.2.0): Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing symfony/polyfill-mbstring (v1.12.0): Loading from cache
  - Installing symfony/var-dumper (v3.4.33): Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing jakub-onderka/php-console-color (v0.2): Loading from cache
  - Installing jakub-onderka/php-console-highlighter (v0.4): Loading from cache
  - Installing dnoegel/php-xdg-base-dir (0.1): Loading from cache
  - Installing nikic/php-parser (v4.3.0): Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing psr/log (1.1.2): Loading from cache
  - Installing symfony/debug (v3.4.33): Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing symfony/console (v3.4.33): Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing psy/psysh (v0.9.9): Loading from cache
  - Installing symfony/polyfill-ctype (v1.12.0): Loading from cache
  - Installing vlucas/phpdotenv (v2.6.1): Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing symfony/css-selector (v4.3.6): Loading from cache
  - Installing tijsverkoyen/css-to-inline-styles (2.2.2): Loading from cache
  - Installing symfony/routing (v3.4.33): Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing symfony/process (v3.4.33): Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing paragonie/random_compat (v2.0.18): Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing symfony/polyfill-php70 (v1.12.0): Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing symfony/http-foundation (v3.4.33): Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing symfony/event-dispatcher-contracts (v1.1.7): Loading from cache
  - Installing symfony/event-dispatcher (v4.3.6): Loading from cache
  - Installing symfony/http-kernel (v3.4.33): Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing symfony/finder (v3.4.33): Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing swiftmailer/swiftmailer (v5.4.12): Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing ramsey/uuid (3.8.0): Loading from cache
  - Installing symfony/translation-contracts (v1.1.7): Loading from cache
  - Installing symfony/translation (v4.3.6): Loading from cache
  - Installing nesbot/carbon (1.39.1): Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing mtdowling/cron-expression (v1.2.1): Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing monolog/monolog (1.25.1): Loading from cache
  - Installing league/flysystem (1.0.57): Loading from cache
  - Installing erusev/parsedown (1.7.3): Loading from cache
  - Installing doctrine/inflector (1.3.1): Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing laravel/framework (v5.4.36): Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing laravel/tinker (v1.0.10): Loading from cache
  - Installing fzaninotto/faker (v1.8.0): Loading from cache
  - Installing hamcrest/hamcrest-php (v1.2.2): Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing mockery/mockery (0.9.11): Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing myclabs/deep-copy (1.9.3): Loading from cache
  - Installing sebastian/version (2.0.1): Loading from cache
  - Installing sebastian/resource-operations (1.0.0): Loading from cache
  - Installing sebastian/recursion-context (2.0.0): Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing sebastian/object-enumerator (2.0.1): Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing sebastian/global-state (1.1.1): Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing sebastian/exporter (2.0.0): Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing sebastian/environment (2.0.0): Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing sebastian/diff (1.4.3): Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing sebastian/comparator (1.2.4): Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing symfony/yaml (v4.3.6): Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing doctrine/instantiator (1.3.0): Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing webmozart/assert (1.5.0): Loading from cache
  - Installing phpdocumentor/reflection-common (2.0.0): Loading from cache
  - Installing phpdocumentor/type-resolver (1.0.1): Loading from cache
  - Installing phpdocumentor/reflection-docblock (4.3.2): Loading from cache
  - Installing phpspec/prophecy (1.9.0): Loading from cache
  - Installing phpunit/php-text-template (1.2.1): Loading from cache
  - Installing phpunit/phpunit-mock-objects (3.4.4): Downloading (connecting...)
Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing phpunit/php-timer (1.0.9): Loading from cache
  - Installing sebastian/code-unit-reverse-lookup (1.0.1): Loading from cache
  - Installing phpunit/php-token-stream (2.0.2): Loading from cache
  - Installing phpunit/php-file-iterator (1.4.5): Loading from cache
  - Installing phpunit/php-code-coverage (4.0.8): Downloading (100%)         
  - Installing phpunit/phpunit (5.7.27): Downloading (100%)         
symfony/var-dumper suggests installing ext-intl (To show region name in time zone dump)
symfony/var-dumper suggests installing ext-symfony_debug
symfony/console suggests installing symfony/lock
psy/psysh suggests installing ext-pcntl (Enabling the PCNTL extension makes PsySH a lot happier :))
psy/psysh suggests installing ext-pdo-sqlite (The doc command requires SQLite to work.)
psy/psysh suggests installing hoa/console (A pure PHP readline implementation. You'll want this if your PHP install doesn't already support readline or libedit.)
symfony/routing suggests installing symfony/config (For using the all-in-one router or any loader)
symfony/routing suggests installing symfony/expression-language (For using expression matching)
symfony/routing suggests installing doctrine/annotations (For using the annotation loader)
paragonie/random_compat suggests installing ext-libsodium (Provides a modern crypto API that can be used to generate random bytes.)
symfony/event-dispatcher-contracts suggests installing psr/event-dispatcher
symfony/event-dispatcher suggests installing symfony/dependency-injection
symfony/http-kernel suggests installing symfony/browser-kit
symfony/http-kernel suggests installing symfony/config
symfony/http-kernel suggests installing symfony/dependency-injection
ramsey/uuid suggests installing ircmaxell/random-lib (Provides RandomLib for use with the RandomLibAdapter)
ramsey/uuid suggests installing ext-libsodium (Provides the PECL libsodium extension for use with the SodiumRandomGenerator)
ramsey/uuid suggests installing ext-uuid (Provides the PECL UUID extension for use with the PeclUuidTimeGenerator and PeclUuidRandomGenerator)
ramsey/uuid suggests installing moontoast/math (Provides support for converting UUID to 128-bit integer (in string form).)
ramsey/uuid suggests installing ramsey/uuid-doctrine (Allows the use of Ramsey\Uuid\Uuid as Doctrine field type.)
ramsey/uuid suggests installing ramsey/uuid-console (A console application for generating UUIDs with ramsey/uuid)
symfony/translation suggests installing symfony/config
monolog/monolog suggests installing graylog2/gelf-php (Allow sending log messages to a GrayLog2 server)
monolog/monolog suggests installing sentry/sentry (Allow sending log messages to a Sentry server)
monolog/monolog suggests installing doctrine/couchdb (Allow sending log messages to a CouchDB server)
monolog/monolog suggests installing ruflin/elastica (Allow sending log messages to an Elastic Search server)
monolog/monolog suggests installing php-amqplib/php-amqplib (Allow sending log messages to an AMQP server using php-amqplib)
monolog/monolog suggests installing ext-amqp (Allow sending log messages to an AMQP server (1.0+ required))
monolog/monolog suggests installing ext-mongo (Allow sending log messages to a MongoDB server)
monolog/monolog suggests installing mongodb/mongodb (Allow sending log messages to a MongoDB server via PHP Driver)
monolog/monolog suggests installing aws/aws-sdk-php (Allow sending log messages to AWS services like DynamoDB)
monolog/monolog suggests installing rollbar/rollbar (Allow sending log messages to Rollbar)
monolog/monolog suggests installing php-console/php-console (Allow sending log messages to Google Chrome)
league/flysystem suggests installing league/flysystem-eventable-filesystem (Allows you to use EventableFilesystem)
league/flysystem suggests installing league/flysystem-rackspace (Allows you to use Rackspace Cloud Files)
league/flysystem suggests installing league/flysystem-azure (Allows you to use Windows Azure Blob storage)
league/flysystem suggests installing league/flysystem-webdav (Allows you to use WebDAV storage)
league/flysystem suggests installing league/flysystem-aws-s3-v2 (Allows you to use S3 storage with AWS SDK v2)
league/flysystem suggests installing league/flysystem-aws-s3-v3 (Allows you to use S3 storage with AWS SDK v3)
league/flysystem suggests installing spatie/flysystem-dropbox (Allows you to use Dropbox storage)
league/flysystem suggests installing srmklive/flysystem-dropbox-v2 (Allows you to use Dropbox storage for PHP 5 applications)
league/flysystem suggests installing league/flysystem-cached-adapter (Flysystem adapter decorator for metadata caching)
league/flysystem suggests installing league/flysystem-sftp (Allows you to use SFTP server storage via phpseclib)
league/flysystem suggests installing league/flysystem-ziparchive (Allows you to use ZipArchive adapter)
laravel/framework suggests installing aws/aws-sdk-php (Required to use the SQS queue driver and SES mail driver (~3.0).)
laravel/framework suggests installing doctrine/dbal (Required to rename columns and drop SQLite columns (~2.5).)
laravel/framework suggests installing guzzlehttp/guzzle (Required to use the Mailgun and Mandrill mail drivers and the ping methods on schedules (~6.0).)
laravel/framework suggests installing league/flysystem-aws-s3-v3 (Required to use the Flysystem S3 driver (~1.0).)
laravel/framework suggests installing league/flysystem-rackspace (Required to use the Flysystem Rackspace driver (~1.0).)
laravel/framework suggests installing nexmo/client (Required to use the Nexmo transport (~1.0).)
laravel/framework suggests installing pda/pheanstalk (Required to use the beanstalk queue driver (~3.0).)
laravel/framework suggests installing predis/predis (Required to use the redis cache and queue drivers (~1.0).)
laravel/framework suggests installing pusher/pusher-php-server (Required to use the Pusher broadcast driver (~2.0).)
laravel/framework suggests installing symfony/dom-crawler (Required to use most of the crawler integration testing tools (~3.2).)
laravel/framework suggests installing symfony/psr-http-message-bridge (Required to psr7 bridging features (0.2.*).)
sebastian/global-state suggests installing ext-uopz (*)
phpunit/php-code-coverage suggests installing ext-xdebug (^2.5.1)
phpunit/phpunit suggests installing phpunit/php-invoker (~1.1)
phpunit/phpunit suggests installing ext-xdebug (*)
Package phpunit/phpunit-mock-objects is abandoned, you should avoid using it. No replacement was suggested.
Writing lock file
Generating optimized autoload files
Carbon 1 is deprecated, see how to migrate to Carbon 2.
https://carbon.nesbot.com/docs/#api-carbon-2
    You can run './vendor/bin/upgrade-carbon' to get help in updating carbon and other frameworks and libraries that depend on it.
> Illuminate\Foundation\ComposerScripts::postUpdate
> php artisan optimize
Generating optimized class loader
The compiled services file has been removed.
> php artisan key:generate
Application key [base64:9TD7RVRvzznYdVcZ/SXvO+3wucTctxo4lAgp2VypIoE=] set successfully.
ysqdeMacBook-Pro:laravel54jianshu ysq$

启动Laravel

web服务器 Nginx /Apache 服务器的配置

环境配置参考：https://learnku.com/docs/laravel/6.x/installation/5124

Apache

Laravel 中包含了一个 public/.htaccess 文件，通常用于在资源路径中隐藏 index.php 的前端控制器。在用 Apache 为 Laravel 提供服务之前，确保启用了 mod_rewrite 模块，这样 .htaccess 文件才能被服务器解析。

如果 Laravel 附带的 .htaccess 文件不起作用，尝试下面的方法替代：

Options +FollowSymLinks -Indexes
RewriteEngine On

RewriteCond %{HTTP:Authorization} .
RewriteRule .* - [E=HTTP_AUTHORIZATION:%{HTTP:Authorization}]

RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteRule ^ index.php [L]

Nginx

如果你使用 Nginx ，在你的站点配置中加入以下配置，所有的请求将会引导至 index.php 前端控制器：

location / {
    try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
}

php artisan serve

本地开发环境

如果你在本地安装了 PHP， 并且你想使用 PHP 内置的服务器来为你的应用程序提供服务，则可以使用 Artisan 命令 serve 。该命令会在 http://localhost:8000 上启动开发服务器：

php artisan serve

下面命令可以帮助我们分析

php artisan help serve

Laravel主要文件夹

修改ENV数据库配置文件

数据库的链接默认使用到了database.php .env ,系统默认读取 .env里面的配置，如.env里面的配置不存在。再读取database.php里面的配置。

php artisan 命令输出下面命令列表

ysqdeMacBook-Pro:laravel54 ysq$ php artisan
Laravel Framework 5.4.36

Usage:
  command [options] [arguments]

Options:
  -h, --help            Display this help message
  -q, --quiet           Do not output any message
  -V, --version         Display this application version
      --ansi            Force ANSI output
      --no-ansi         Disable ANSI output
  -n, --no-interaction  Do not ask any interactive question
      --env[=ENV]       The environment the command should run under
  -v|vv|vvv, --verbose  Increase the verbosity of messages: 1 for normal output, 2 for more verbose output and 3 for debug

Available commands:
  clear-compiled       Remove the compiled class file
  down                 Put the application into maintenance mode
  env                  Display the current framework environment
  help                 Displays help for a command
  inspire              Display an inspiring quote
  list                 Lists commands
  migrate              Run the database migrations
  optimize             Optimize the framework for better performance
  serve                Serve the application on the PHP development server
  tinker               Interact with your application
  up                   Bring the application out of maintenance mode
 app
  app:name             Set the application namespace
 auth
  auth:clear-resets    Flush expired password reset tokens
 cache
  cache:clear          Flush the application cache
  cache:forget         Remove an item from the cache
  cache:table          Create a migration for the cache database table
 config
  config:cache         Create a cache file for faster configuration loading
  config:clear         Remove the configuration cache file
 db
  db:seed              Seed the database with records
 event
  event:generate       Generate the missing events and listeners based on registration
 key
  key:generate         Set the application key
 make
  make:auth            Scaffold basic login and registration views and routes
  make:command         Create a new Artisan command
  make:controller      Create a new controller class
  make:event           Create a new event class
  make:job             Create a new job class
  make:listener        Create a new event listener class
  make:mail            Create a new email class
  make:middleware      Create a new middleware class
  make:migration       Create a new migration file
  make:model           Create a new Eloquent model class
  make:notification    Create a new notification class
  make:policy          Create a new policy class
  make:provider        Create a new service provider class
  make:request         Create a new form request class
  make:seeder          Create a new seeder class
  make:test            Create a new test class
 migrate
  migrate:install      Create the migration repository
  migrate:refresh      Reset and re-run all migrations
  migrate:reset        Rollback all database migrations
  migrate:rollback     Rollback the last database migration
  migrate:status       Show the status of each migration
 notifications
  notifications:table  Create a migration for the notifications table
 queue
  queue:failed         List all of the failed queue jobs
  queue:failed-table   Create a migration for the failed queue jobs database table
  queue:flush          Flush all of the failed queue jobs
  queue:forget         Delete a failed queue job
  queue:listen         Listen to a given queue
  queue:restart        Restart queue worker daemons after their current job
  queue:retry          Retry a failed queue job
  queue:table          Create a migration for the queue jobs database table
  queue:work           Start processing jobs on the queue as a daemon
 route
  route:cache          Create a route cache file for faster route registration
  route:clear          Remove the route cache file
  route:list           List all registered routes
 schedule
  schedule:run         Run the scheduled commands
 session
  session:table        Create a migration for the session database table
 storage
  storage:link         Create a symbolic link from "public/storage" to "storage/app/public"
 vendor
  vendor:publish       Publish any publishable assets from vendor packages
 view
  view:clear           Clear all compiled view files
ysqdeMacBook-Pro:laravel54 ysq$

migrate 用做数据迁移（前提是创建好数据库名）

然后检查数据库中是否存在 migrations表

则表示数据库连接是成功了的。

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