1. 查看所有已安装的子系统列表
C:\Users\yangg>wsl --list --verbose
NAME STATE VERSION
* Ubuntu-24.04 Stopped 2
C:\Users\yangg>
查看结果：
命令会返回一个表格，包含以下几列信息：
- NAME: 子系统的名称（例如
Ubuntu,Debian）。 - STATE: 当前状态（
Running表示正在运行，Stopped表示已停止）。 - VERSION: 使用的 WSL 版本（
2或1）。
2. 子系统更新
3. 启动进入子系统
在dows想使用命令：wsl 即可
C:\Users\yangg>wsl
Welcome to Ubuntu 24.04.1 LTS (GNU/Linux 6.6.87.2-microsoft-standard-WSL2 x86_64)
* Documentation: https://help.ubuntu.com
* Management: https://landscape.canonical.com
* Support: https://ubuntu.com/pro
System information as of Wed Aug 27 19:03:55 CST 2025
System load: 0.72 Processes: 133
Usage of /: 3.0% of 250.92GB Users logged in: 0
Memory usage: 10% IPv4 address for eth0: 172.23.123.99删除旧的子系统
打开一个普通的 PowerShell 或 命令提示符窗口（不需要管理员权限）。首先，查看一下你要删除的系统的确切名称：
powershellwsl –list 这会列出所有已安装的发行版，例如：textUbuntu-24.04 Debian
使用 --unregister 命令来注销（即删除）该系统。将 <Distribution Name> 替换为你的系统名（比如 Ubuntu-24.04）：powershell
C:\Users\yangg>wsl --unregister Ubuntu-24.04
正在注销。
操作成功完成。
C:\Users\yangg>
请注意： 系统名区分大小写，且必须和 wsl --list 列出的名称完全一致。如果你安装的是默认的Ubuntu，名字很可能就是 Ubuntu。
执行命令后，你会看到类似 正在注销... 的提示。这个过程非常快，完成后该子系统及其所有数据就被彻底删除了。
验证是否删除成功：
再次运行 wsl --list --verbose，你应该看不到 Ubuntu-24.04 了。
C:\Users\yangg>wsl --list --verbose
适用于 Linux 的 Windows 子系统没有已安装的分发。
可通过安装包含以下说明的分发来解决此问题：
使用“wsl.exe --list --online' ”列出可用的分发
和 “wsl.exe --install <Distro>” 进行安装。重新安装全新的子系统
过命令行安装
你也可以直接使用命令来安装默认的 Ubuntu 版本。
在 PowerShell 或命令提示符中运行：
user： yang
pwd：yang123456
C:\Users\yangg>wsl --install -d Ubuntu-24.04
正在下载: Ubuntu 24.04 LTS
正在安装: Ubuntu 24.04 LTS
已成功安装分发。可以通过 “wsl.exe -d Ubuntu-24.04” 启动它
正在启动 Ubuntu-24.04...
Provisioning the new WSL instance Ubuntu-24.04
This might take a while...
Create a default Unix user account: yang
New password:
Retype new password:
Sorry, passwords do not match.
passwd: Authentication token manipulation error
passwd: password unchanged
Try again? [y/N] Y
New password:
Retype new password:
passwd: password updated successfully
To run a command as administrator (user "root"), use "sudo <command>".
See "man sudo_root" for details.重置用户密码
wsl --distribution Ubuntu-24.04 --user root
在 root 命令行下，使用 passwd 命令后跟你忘记密码的用户名。
C:\Users\yangg>wsl --distribution Ubuntu-24.04 --user root
Welcome to Ubuntu 24.04.3 LTS (GNU/Linux 6.6.87.2-microsoft-standard-WSL2 x86_64)
* Documentation: https://help.ubuntu.com
* Management: https://landscape.canonical.com
* Support: https://ubuntu.com/pro
System information as of Wed Aug 27 19:35:01 CST 2025
System load: 0.0 Processes: 41
Usage of /: 0.1% of 1006.85GB Users logged in: 1
Memory usage: 2% IPv4 address for eth0: 172.23.123.99
Swap usage: 0%
This message is shown once a day. To disable it please create the
/root/.hushlogin file.
root@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/mnt/c/Users/yangg# passwd yang
New password:
Retype new password:
passwd: password updated successfully
root@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/mnt/c/Users/yangg# exit
logout安装nginx
sudo apt update
sudo apt install nginx
安装nginx 默认已经启动了
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/mnt/c/Users/yangg$ sudo apt install nginx
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
nginx-common
Suggested packages:
fcgiwrap nginx-doc ssl-cert
The following NEW packages will be installed:
nginx nginx-common
0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 9 not upgraded.
Need to get 564 kB of archives.
After this operation, 1596 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble-updates/main amd64 nginx-common all 1.24.0-2ubuntu7.5 [43.4 kB]
Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble-updates/main amd64 nginx amd64 1.24.0-2ubuntu7.5 [520 kB]
Fetched 564 kB in 3s (198 kB/s)
Preconfiguring packages ...
Selecting previously unselected package nginx-common.
(Reading database ... 40754 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../nginx-common_1.24.0-2ubuntu7.5_all.deb ...
Unpacking nginx-common (1.24.0-2ubuntu7.5) ...
Selecting previously unselected package nginx.
Preparing to unpack .../nginx_1.24.0-2ubuntu7.5_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking nginx (1.24.0-2ubuntu7.5) ...
Setting up nginx-common (1.24.0-2ubuntu7.5) ...
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nginx.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service.
Setting up nginx (1.24.0-2ubuntu7.5) ...
* Upgrading binary nginx [ OK ]
Processing triggers for man-db (2.12.0-4build2) ...
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/mnt/c/Users/yangg$ service nginx start
Failed to start nginx.service: Interactive authentication required.
See system logs and 'systemctl status nginx.service' for details.
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/mnt/c/Users/yangg$ service nginx status
Usage: nginx {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status|configtest|rotate|upgrade}
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/mnt/c/Users/yangg$ service nginx status
● nginx.service - A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; enabled; preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2025-08-27 19:40:55 CST; 4min 50s ago
Docs: man:nginx(8)
Process: 1014 ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/nginx -t -q -g daemon on; master_process on; (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 1015 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/nginx -g daemon on; master_process on; (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 1062 (nginx)
Tasks: 21 (limit: 18990)
Memory: 14.8M (peak: 32.3M)
CPU: 164ms
CGroup: /system.slice/nginx.service
├─1062 "nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -g daemon on; master_process on;"
├─1064 "nginx: worker process"
├─1065 "nginx: worker process"
├─1066 "nginx: worker process"
├─1067 "nginx: worker process"
├─1068 "nginx: worker process"
├─1069 "nginx: worker process"
├─1070 "nginx: worker process"
├─1071 "nginx: worker process"
├─1072 "nginx: worker process"
├─1073 "nginx: worker process"
├─1074 "nginx: worker process"
├─1075 "nginx: worker process"
├─1076 "nginx: worker process"
├─1077 "nginx: worker process"
├─1078 "nginx: worker process"
├─1079 "nginx: worker process"
├─1080 "nginx: worker process"
├─1081 "nginx: worker process"
├─1082 "nginx: worker process"
└─1083 "nginx: worker process"
Aug 27 19:40:55 DESKTOP-C6K4RMT systemd[1]: Starting nginx.service - A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server...
Aug 27 19:40:55 DESKTOP-C6K4RMT systemd[1]: Started nginx.service - A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server.
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/mnt/c/Users/yangg$
在 WSL 中安装了 Nginx 后，从宿主机（Windows）访问它非常简单。整个过程的核心是：WSL 2 虚拟机有一个被宿主机访问的独立 IP 地址。
请按照以下步骤检查和操作：
第 1 步：启动 Nginx 服务
首先，确保你的 Nginx 已经在 WSL 中正常运行。
打开你的 WSL 终端（如 Ubuntu）。
使用以下命令启动 Nginx：bashsudo service nginx start # 或者 sudo systemctl start nginx（某些 WSL 发行版可能默认没有 systemctl，使用 service 命令更通用）
检查 Nginx 是否成功启动：bashsudo service nginx status如果看到 active (running) 的提示，说明 Nginx 已经在 WSL 内部正常运行了。
第 2 步：获取 WSL 2 的 IP 地址
这是最关键的一步。WSL 2 每次启动时都会从 Hyper-V 管理器获取一个动态的私有 IP 地址。
在你的 WSL 终端中，输入以下命令来查看这个 IP 地址：
bash
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/mnt/c/Users/yangg$ hostname -I
172.23.123.99
或者
bash
ip addr show eth0 | grep inet
你会得到一个类似 172.25.123.99 的 IP 地址。记下这个地址（我们称之为 <WSL_IP>）。
例如，你的命令输出可能是：
text
172.28.123.99
第 3 步：从宿主机 Windows 访问
现在，你可以在宿主机 Windows 上做任何一件事来访问 Nginx：
- 打开浏览器（Chrome, Edge, Firefox 等）。
- 在地址栏中，输入你在上一步获取的 WSL IP 地址。texthttp://<WSL_IP>根据上面的例子，你应该输入：http://172.28.123.456
- 按回车键。
如果一切顺利，你应该能看到 Nginx 的默认欢迎页面，上面显示 “Welcome to nginx!”。
配置nginx站点 cd /etc/ngnix/sites-available nano magento.conf
cd /etc/ngnix/sites-available
nano magento.conf
----------
upstream fastcgi_backend {
server unix:/run/php/php8.4-fpm.sock;
}
server {
server_name magento.local.com;
listen 80;
set $MAGE_ROOT /var/www/html/magento2;
set $MAGE_MODE developer; # or production
access_log /var/log/nginx/magento2-access.log;
error_log /var/log/nginx/magento2-error.log;
include /var/www/html/magento2/nginx.conf.sample;
}
---------------yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/etc/nginx$ cd sites-enabled/
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/etc/nginx/sites-enabled$ ls -al
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 27 19:40 .
drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 4096 Aug 27 19:40 ..
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 34 Aug 27 19:40 default -> /etc/nginx/sites-available/default
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/etc/nginx/sites-enabled$ sudo ln -s ../sites-available/magento.conf
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/etc/nginx/sites-enabled$ ls -al
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 27 20:22 .
drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 4096 Aug 27 19:40 ..
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 34 Aug 27 19:40 default -> /etc/nginx/sites-available/default
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 31 Aug 27 20:22 magento.conf -> ../sites-available/magento.conf
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/etc/nginx/sites-enabled$安装Mysql8.4
通过官方APT仓库安装MySQL 8.4
这是首选方法，能确保你获取到最新的MySQL 8.4。
1. 更新系统包列表
首先确保你的WSL Ubuntu系统是最新的：
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y2. 下载并安装MySQL APT仓库配置包
这会将MySQL的官方仓库添加到你的系统中：
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-apt-config_0.8.30-1_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i mysql-apt-config_0.8.30-1_all.deb
在弹出的配置界面中，直接选择 Ok 确认即可，它会默认选择最新的MySQL系列。
此配置程序已确定您的系统上未配置 MySQL 服务器，并已高亮显示最合适的存储库软件包。如果您不确定要安装哪个版本，请勿更改自动选择的版本。高级用户可以随时根据需要更改版本。请注意，MySQL Cluster 也包含 MySQL 服务器。
您希望接收哪个服务器版本？
这里 我选择默认的。，操作之后，出下面界面
注意 在弹出的配置界面中，直接选择 Ok 确认即可，它会默认选择最新的MySQL系列。
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html$ sudo wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-apt-config_0.8.30-1_all.deb
--2025-08-28 15:24:32-- https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-apt-config_0.8.30-1_all.deb
Resolving dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)... 23.57.138.234, 2600:140b:1a00:3ad::2e31, 2600:140b:1a00:39c::2e31
Connecting to dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)|23.57.138.234|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Moved Temporarily
Location: https://repo.mysql.com//mysql-apt-config_0.8.30-1_all.deb [following]
--2025-08-28 15:24:34-- https://repo.mysql.com//mysql-apt-config_0.8.30-1_all.deb
Resolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 23.32.170.24, 2600:1406:5600:68f::1d68, 2600:1406:5600:680::1d68
Connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|23.32.170.24|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 18200 (18K) [application/x-debian-package]
Saving to: ‘mysql-apt-config_0.8.30-1_all.deb’
mysql-apt-config_0.8.30-1_all.deb 100%[===================================================================================================================>] 17.77K --.-KB/s in 0.04s
2025-08-28 15:24:37 (461 KB/s) - ‘mysql-apt-config_0.8.30-1_all.deb’ saved [18200/18200]
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html$ sudo dpkg -i mysql-apt-config_0.8.30-1_all.deb
Selecting previously unselected package mysql-apt-config.
(Reading database ... 44128 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack mysql-apt-config_0.8.30-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking mysql-apt-config (0.8.30-1) ...
Setting up mysql-apt-config (0.8.30-1) ...3. 刷新软件源并安装MySQL Server
sudo apt update
sudo apt install mysql-server -y安装过程中，可能会提示你设置 root 用户的密码，请务必设置一个强密码并牢记
root用户密码： yang@123$%
4. 启动MySQL服务并设置开机自启
sudo service mysql start # 立即启动MySQL sudo service mysql status # 检查运行状态，确认状态为 active (running)
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html$ sudo service mysql start
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html$ sudo service mysql status
● mysql.service - MySQL Community Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service; enabled; preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Thu 2025-08-28 15:51:35 CST; 1min 0s ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Main PID: 20430 (mysqld)
Status: "Server is operational"
Tasks: 43 (limit: 18990)
Memory: 422.4M (peak: 437.7M)
CPU: 1.097s
CGroup: /system.slice/mysql.service
└─20430 /usr/sbin/mysqld
Aug 28 15:51:34 DESKTOP-C6K4RMT systemd[1]: Starting mysql.service - MySQL Community Server...
Aug 28 15:51:35 DESKTOP-C6K4RMT systemd[1]: Started mysql.service - MySQL Community Server.5. 运行安全配置脚本（强烈建议）
这会引导你进行一些安全设置，如移除匿名用户、禁止root远程登录等：
sudo mysql_secure_installation按照提示操作即可。在这里我是本地安装，所以不操作。如下有需要再操作
6. 验证MySQL 8.4安装
登录MySQL并检查版本：
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html$ mysql -u root -p -e "SELECT VERSION();"
Enter password:
+-----------+
| VERSION() |
+-----------+
| 8.4.6 |
+-----------+安装php8.4
首先，安装所有必要的依赖项：
sudo apt install curl gpg gnupg2 software-properties-common ca-certificates apt-transport-https lsb-release将 PHP 存储库添加到您的系统：
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php更新您的 APT 存储库。
sudo apt update使用命令安装 PHP 8.4
sudo apt install php8.4安装一般扩展：
sudo apt install php8.4-{exif,bz2,intl,soap,cli,pdo,mysql,zip,gd,mbstring,curl,xml,bcmath,common,xmlrpc,gmp}接下来，验证您的 PHP 版本：
php -v您应该看到如下输出：
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html$ php -v
PHP 8.4.11 (cli) (built: Aug 3 2025 08:42:27) (NTS)
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Built by Debian
Zend Engine v4.4.11, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies
with Zend OPcache v8.4.11, Copyright (c), by Zend Technologies安装Composer2.8
用官方安装脚本（推荐）
这是最直接和官方推荐的方法，通常能自动安装最新稳定版（包括2.8）。
1.确保已安装 PHP 和必要的扩展：Composer 需要 PHP 运行。Magento 2.4.8 要求 PHP 8.4
sudo apt update
sudo apt install php-cli php-zip php-mbstring php-xml php-curl unzip -y如下：安装后可以通过 php -v 确认版本。
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html$ sudo apt update
[sudo] password for yang:
Hit:1 http://repo.mysql.com/apt/ubuntu noble InRelease
Hit:2 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble-security InRelease
Hit:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble InRelease
Hit:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble-updates InRelease
Hit:5 https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/ondrej/php/ubuntu noble InRelease
Hit:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble-backports InRelease
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
All packages are up to date.
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html$ sudo apt install php-cli php-zip php-mbstring php-xml php-curl unzip -y
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Suggested packages:
zip
The following NEW packages will be installed:
php-cli php-curl php-mbstring php-xml php-zip unzip
0 upgraded, 6 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 195 kB of archives.
After this operation, 446 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu noble-updates/main amd64 unzip amd64 6.0-28ubuntu4.1 [174 kB]
Get:2 https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/ondrej/php/ubuntu noble/main amd64 php-cli all 2:8.4+96+ubuntu24.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 [4454 B]
Get:3 https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/ondrej/php/ubuntu noble/main amd64 php-curl all 2:8.4+96+ubuntu24.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 [3984 B]
Get:4 https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/ondrej/php/ubuntu noble/main amd64 php-mbstring all 2:8.4+96+ubuntu24.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 [4000 B]
Get:5 https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/ondrej/php/ubuntu noble/main amd64 php-xml all 2:8.4+96+ubuntu24.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 [4010 B]
Get:6 https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/ondrej/php/ubuntu noble/main amd64 php-zip all 2:8.4+96+ubuntu24.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 [3994 B]
Fetched 195 kB in 3s (64.1 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package php-cli.
(Reading database ... 44568 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../0-php-cli_2%3a8.4+96+ubuntu24.04.1+deb.sury.org+1_all.deb ...
Unpacking php-cli (2:8.4+96+ubuntu24.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package php-curl.
Preparing to unpack .../1-php-curl_2%3a8.4+96+ubuntu24.04.1+deb.sury.org+1_all.deb ...
Unpacking php-curl (2:8.4+96+ubuntu24.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package php-mbstring.
Preparing to unpack .../2-php-mbstring_2%3a8.4+96+ubuntu24.04.1+deb.sury.org+1_all.deb ...
Unpacking php-mbstring (2:8.4+96+ubuntu24.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package php-xml.
Preparing to unpack .../3-php-xml_2%3a8.4+96+ubuntu24.04.1+deb.sury.org+1_all.deb ...
Unpacking php-xml (2:8.4+96+ubuntu24.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package php-zip.
Preparing to unpack .../4-php-zip_2%3a8.4+96+ubuntu24.04.1+deb.sury.org+1_all.deb ...
Unpacking php-zip (2:8.4+96+ubuntu24.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package unzip.
Preparing to unpack .../5-unzip_6.0-28ubuntu4.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking unzip (6.0-28ubuntu4.1) ...
Setting up php-xml (2:8.4+96+ubuntu24.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Setting up php-curl (2:8.4+96+ubuntu24.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Setting up unzip (6.0-28ubuntu4.1) ...
Setting up php-mbstring (2:8.4+96+ubuntu24.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Setting up php-cli (2:8.4+96+ubuntu24.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/php.default to provide /usr/bin/php (php) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/phar.default to provide /usr/bin/phar (phar) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/phar.phar.default to provide /usr/bin/phar.phar (phar.phar) in auto mode
Setting up php-zip (2:8.4+96+ubuntu24.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.12.0-4build2) ...
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html$ php -v
PHP 8.4.11 (cli) (built: Aug 3 2025 08:42:27) (NTS)
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Built by Debian
Zend Engine v4.4.11, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies
with Zend OPcache v8.4.11, Copyright (c), by Zend Technologies
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html$2. 下载并运行 Composer 安装脚本：
# 下载安装脚本并运行安装
php -r "copy('https://getcomposer.org/installer', 'composer-setup.php');"
# 执行安装，并指定安装到全局目录 /usr/local/bin 并命名为 composer
sudo php composer-setup.php --install-dir=/usr/local/bin --filename=composer
sudo php -r "copy('https://getcomposer.org/installer', 'composer-setup.php');"
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html$ sudo php composer-setup.php --install-dir=/usr/local/bin --filename=composer
All settings correct for using Composer
Downloading...
Composer (version 2.8.11) successfully installed to: /usr/local/bin/composer
Use it: php /usr/local/bin/composer3.（可选）验证安装脚本的哈希值：为了安全起见，你可以验证安装脚本。
获取最新的安装脚本签名
EXPECTED_SIGNATURE=$(wget -q -O - https://composer.github.io/installer.sig)
# 验证你下载的安装脚本
php -r "if (hash_file('SHA384', 'composer-setup.php') === '$EXPECTED_SIGNATURE') { echo 'Installer verified'; } else { echo 'Installer corrupt'; unlink('composer-setup.php'); } echo PHP_EOL;"
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html$ EXPECTED_SIGNATURE=$(wget -q -O - https://composer.github.io/installer.sig)
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html$ php -r "if (hash_file('SHA384', 'composer-setup.php') === '$EXPECTED_SIGNATURE') { echo 'Installer verified'; } else { echo 'Installer corrupt'; unlink('composer-setup.php'); } echo PHP_EOL;"
Installer verified如果输出 “Installer verified”，则脚本 verified。
4. 清理安装脚本：
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html$ sudo php -r "unlink('composer-setup.php');"
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html$ ls -al
total 941652
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Aug 28 16:14 .
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Aug 27 19:40 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 10671 Aug 27 20:33 index.html
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 615 Aug 27 19:40 index.nginx-debian.html
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 18200 Apr 23 2024 mysql-apt-config_0.8.30-1_all.deb
drwxr-xr-x 10 yang yang 4096 Feb 8 2025 opensearch-2.19.0
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 964198305 Feb 12 2025 opensearch-2.19.0-linux-x64.tar.gz
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html$5. 查看Composer版本
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html$ composer -v
/ / _
/ / / _ \/ _ `_ \/ _ \/ _ \/ / _ \/ / / // // / / / / / / // / // (_ ) / / __/____// // // ./_/_/_// //
Composer version 2.8.11 2025-08-21 11:29:39
Usage:
command [options] [arguments]
Options:
-h, –help Display help for the given command. When no command is given display help for the list command
-q, –quiet Do not output any message
-V, –version Display this application version
–ansi|–no-ansi Force (or disable –no-ansi) ANSI output
-n, –no-interaction Do not ask any interactive question
–profile Display timing and memory usage information
–no-plugins Whether to disable plugins.
–no-scripts Skips the execution of all scripts defined in composer.json file.
-d, –working-dir=WORKING-DIR If specified, use the given directory as working directory.
–no-cache Prevent use of the cache
-v|vv|vvv, –verbose Increase the verbosity of messages: 1 for normal output, 2 for more verbose output and 3 for debug
Available commands:
about Shows a short information about Composer
archive Creates an archive of this composer package
audit Checks for security vulnerability advisories for installed packages
browse [home] Opens the package’s repository URL or homepage in your browser
bump Increases the lower limit of your composer.json requirements to the currently installed versions
check-platform-reqs Check that platform requirements are satisfied
clear-cache [clearcache|cc] Clears composer’s internal package cache
completion Dump the shell completion script
config Sets config options
create-project Creates new project from a package into given directory
depends [why] Shows which packages cause the given package to be installed
diagnose Diagnoses the system to identify common errors
dump-autoload [dumpautoload] Dumps the autoloader
exec Executes a vendored binary/script
fund Discover how to help fund the maintenance of your dependencies
global Allows running commands in the global composer dir ($COMPOSER_HOME)
help Display help for a command
init Creates a basic composer.json file in current directory
install [i] Installs the project dependencies from the composer.lock file if present, or falls back on the composer.json
licenses Shows information about licenses of dependencies
list List commands
outdated Shows a list of installed packages that have updates available, including their latest version
prohibits [why-not] Shows which packages prevent the given package from being installed
reinstall Uninstalls and reinstalls the given package names
remove [rm|uninstall] Removes a package from the require or require-dev
require [r] Adds required packages to your composer.json and installs them
run-script [run] Runs the scripts defined in composer.json
search Searches for packages
self-update [selfupdate] Updates composer.phar to the latest version
show [info] Shows information about packages
status Shows a list of locally modified packages
suggests Shows package suggestions
update [u|upgrade] Updates your dependencies to the latest version according to composer.json, and updates the composer.lock file
validate Validates a composer.json and composer.lock
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html$
安装OpenSearch 2.19
在 WLS 中安装 OpenSearch 2.19.0
1. 更新系统并安装依赖
首先，确保您的系统是最新的并安装必要的工具（如 wget）和 Java。
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y sudo apt install wget -y
2. 安装 Java (OpenJDK 11)
OpenSearch 2.19.0 需要 Java 11。
sudo apt install openjdk-11-jdk -y
安装后验证 Java 版本：
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html$ java -version
openjdk version "11.0.28" 2025-07-15
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 11.0.28+6-post-Ubuntu-1ubuntu124.04.1)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 11.0.28+6-post-Ubuntu-1ubuntu124.04.1, mixed mode, sharing)
3. 下载 OpenSearch 2.19.0
使用 wget 从官方仓库下载特定版本 2.19.0 的压缩包。
sudo wget https://artifacts.opensearch.org/releases/bundle/opensearch/2.19.0/opensearch-2.19.0-linux-x64.tar.gz4. 提取归档文件
提取下载的文件并进入解压后的目录。
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html$ sudo tar -xzf opensearch-2.19.0-linux-x64.tar.gz
tar -xzf opensearch-2.19.0-linux-x64.tar.gzyang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html$ ls -al
total 941632
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Aug 27 20:58 .
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Aug 27 19:40 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 10671 Aug 27 20:33 index.html
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 615 Aug 27 19:40 index.nginx-debian.html
drwxr-xr-x 10 yang yang 4096 Feb 8 2025 opensearch-2.19.0
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 964198305 Feb 12 2025 opensearch-2.19.0-linux-x64.tar.gz
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html$ cd opensearch-2.19.0/5.配置系统限制 (重要！)
为了防止运行时错误，需要增加系统的内存映射限制。
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html/opensearch-2.19.0$ sudo sysctl -w vm.max_map_count=262144
vm.max_map_count = 262144为了使此更改在重启后永久生效：
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html/opensearch-2.19.0$ echo "vm.max_map_count=262144" | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf
vm.max_map_count=2621446.创建专用用户 (推荐)
出于安全考虑，不建议以 root 用户运行 OpenSearch。
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html/opensearch-2.19.0$ sudo adduser --system --group opensearch
[sudo] password for yang:
info: Selecting UID from range 100 to 999 ...
info: Selecting GID from range 100 to 999 ...
info: Adding system user `opensearch' (UID 106) ...
info: Adding new group `opensearch' (GID 110) ...
info: Adding new user `opensearch' (UID 106) with group `opensearch' ...
info: Not creating `/nonexistent'.
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html/opensearch-2.19.0$ id opensearch
uid=106(opensearch) gid=110(opensearch) groups=110(opensearch)
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html/opensearch-2.19.0$ pwd
/var/www/html/opensearch-2.19.0
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html/opensearch-2.19.0$ sudo chown -R opensearch:opensearch /var/www/html/opensearch-2.19.0
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html/opensearch-2.19.0$7. 进行基本配置
编辑 config/opensearch.yml 配置文件以适应单节点开发环境。
vim config/opensearch.yml找到并修改以下关键设置（取消注释并更改值）：
cluster.name: my-opensearch-cluster # 给你的集群起个名字
node.name: node-1 # 节点名
path.data: /path/to/data # 数据目录路径 (可选，默认在解压目录内)
path.logs: /path/to/logs # 日志目录路径 (可选，默认在解压目录内)
network.host: 0.0.0.0 # 允许所有IP访问，以便从Windows主机连接
http.port: 9200 # HTTP端口
discovery.type: single-node # 单节点模式，简化开发设置
# 由于是开发环境，可以禁用安全插件（生产环境绝不要这样做！）
plugins.security.disabled: true
修改如下
cluster.name: my-application-magento248 # 给你的集群起个名字
node.name: node-1-magento248 # 节点名
path.data: /var/www/html/opensearch-2.19.0/data # 数据目录路径 (可选，默认在解压目录内)
path.logs:/var/www/html/opensearch-2.19.0/logs # 日志目录路径 (可选，默认在解压目录内)
network.host: 0.0.0.0 # 允许所有IP访问，以便从Windows主机连接
http.port: 9200 # HTTP端口
下面配置没有找到，手动添加。
discovery.type: single-# 单节点模式，简化开发设置
# 由于是开发环境，可以禁用安全插件（生产环境绝不要这样做！） 手动添加代码
plugins.security.disabled: true
/var/www/html/opensearch-2.19.0/logspath.data: /path/to/data # 数据目录路径 (可选，默认在解压目录内)
创建在opensearch里面创建data目录
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html/opensearch-2.19.0$ sudo mkdir data
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html/opensearch-2.19.0$ ls -al
total 980
drwxr-xr-x 11 opensearch opensearch 4096 Aug 28 16:48 .
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Aug 28 16:14 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 opensearch opensearch 11358 Feb 5 2025 LICENSE.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 opensearch opensearch 924056 Feb 5 2025 NOTICE.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 opensearch opensearch 3600 Feb 5 2025 README.md
drwxr-xr-x 3 opensearch opensearch 4096 Feb 8 2025 bin
drwxr-xr-x 9 opensearch opensearch 4096 Aug 28 16:32 config
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 28 16:48 data
drwxr-xr-x 9 opensearch opensearch 4096 Feb 5 2025 jdk
drwxr-xr-x 3 opensearch opensearch 4096 Feb 5 2025 lib
drwxr-xr-x 2 opensearch opensearch 4096 Feb 5 2025 logs
-rw-r--r-- 1 opensearch opensearch 10041 Feb 8 2025 manifest.yml
drwxr-xr-x 22 opensearch opensearch 4096 Feb 5 2025 modules
-rwxr-xr-x 1 opensearch opensearch 2855 Feb 8 2025 opensearch-tar-install.sh
drwxr-xr-x 5 opensearch opensearch 4096 Feb 8 2025 performance-analyzer-rca
drwxr-xr-x 26 opensearch opensearch 4096 Feb 8 2025 plugins
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html/opensearch-2.19.0$ sudo chown -R opensearch:opensearch /var/www/html/opensearch-2.19.0
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html/opensearch-2.19.0$ ls -al
total 980
drwxr-xr-x 11 opensearch opensearch 4096 Aug 28 16:48 .
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Aug 28 16:14 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 opensearch opensearch 11358 Feb 5 2025 LICENSE.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 opensearch opensearch 924056 Feb 5 2025 NOTICE.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 opensearch opensearch 3600 Feb 5 2025 README.md
drwxr-xr-x 3 opensearch opensearch 4096 Feb 8 2025 bin
drwxr-xr-x 9 opensearch opensearch 4096 Aug 28 16:32 config
drwxr-xr-x 2 opensearch opensearch 4096 Aug 28 16:48 data
drwxr-xr-x 9 opensearch opensearch 4096 Feb 5 2025 jdk
drwxr-xr-x 3 opensearch opensearch 4096 Feb 5 2025 lib
drwxr-xr-x 2 opensearch opensearch 4096 Feb 5 2025 logs
-rw-r--r-- 1 opensearch opensearch 10041 Feb 8 2025 manifest.yml
drwxr-xr-x 22 opensearch opensearch 4096 Feb 5 2025 modules
-rwxr-xr-x 1 opensearch opensearch 2855 Feb 8 2025 opensearch-tar-install.sh
drwxr-xr-x 5 opensearch opensearch 4096 Feb 8 2025 performance-analyzer-rca
drwxr-xr-x 26 opensearch opensearch 4096 Feb 8 2025 plugins
yang@DESKTOP-C6K4RMT:/var/www/html/opensearch-2.19.0$设置数据目录
path.data: /var/www/html/opensearch-2.19.0/data # 数据目录路径 (可选，默认在解压目录内)
如果禁用安全插件，则无需用户名密码即可访问。如果保持启用（默认），初始用户为 admin，密码需要在首次启动时从终端输出或日志中获取。